A Directive of Shame

Last month, I learned from Mireille Fanon Mendes France about Evo Morales' open letter to the European Parliament.

Evo Morales is the first indigenous President of Bolivia. He took the initiative to prepare this text before the European Parliament’s vote on the European directive on immigration which its opponents call the "shameful directive". The directive aims at making Europe a fortress against immigration by harmonizing the rules about the detention and expulsion of immigrants. It was voted by the European Parliament on 18 June 2008. The amendment against the directive that was proposed by the United European Left (GUE-Nordic Green lLeft) got 114 votes, the directive 538.


In the name of the people of Bolivia, and of all my brothers on earth, I make this appeal to the consciences of leaders and citizens, on the text of this "directive for return".

Up until the end of the World War II, Europe was an emigrant continent. Tens of thousands of Europeans departed for the Americas to colonize, to escape hunger, the financial crisis, the wars or European totalitarianisms and the persecution of ethnic minorities.

Today, I am following with concern the process of the so called "Return Directive". The text, validated last June 5th by the Interior Ministers of 27 countries in the European Union, comes up for a vote on June 18 in the European Parliament. I feel that it constitutes a drastic hardening of the detention and expulsion conditions for undocumented immigrants, regardless of the time they have lived in the European countries, their work situation, their family ties, or their will and achievements in integration.

Europeans arrived en masse in Latin and North America, without visas or conditions imposed on them by the authorities. They were simply welcomed, and continue to be, on our American continent, which absorbed the European economic misery and political crisis at that time. They came to our continent to exploit the natural wealth and to transfer it to Europe, with a high cost to the original populations in America. As is the case of our Cerro Rico de Potosi and its fabulous silver mines, which provided this mass of monetary wealth to the European continent from the 16th to the 19th centuries. The people, the wealth and the rights of the migrant Europeans were always respected.

Today, the European Union is the main destination for immigrants around the world. This is a consequence of Europe’s positive image of space and prosperity and public freedom. The great majority of immigrants go to the EU to contribute to this prosperity, not to take advantage of it. They are employed in public works, construction, and in services to people in hospitals, in jobs the Europeans cannot perform or do not want. They contribute to the demographic dynamics of the European continent, maintaining the relationship between the employed and the retired which provides for the generous social security system and helps the dynamics of internal markets and social cohesion. The migrant offers a solution to demographic and financial problems in the EU.

For us, our emigrants represent help in development that Europeans do not provide us in return – since few countries really reach the minimum objective of 0.7% of its GDP in development assistance. Latin America received, in 2006, remittance (monies sent back) totaling 68 billion dollars, or more than the total foreign investment in our countries. On the worldwide level it reached 300 billion dollars which is more than 104 billion authorized for development assistance. My own country, Bolivia, received more than 10% of the GDP in remittance (1.1 billion dollars) equal to a third of our annual exports of natural gas.

It is clear that the flow of immigration benefits Europe, and, to a slight degree, the Third World (since we lose millions of qualified workers, in whom, in one manner or another, the states in question, despite their poverty, have make considerable financial and human investment).

Unfortunately, "Return Directive" project is an enormous complication to this reality. While we can agree that each State or group of States can define their migratory policies in true sovereignty, we cannot accept that the fundamental rights of the people be denied to our compatriots and brother Latin-Americans.

The "Return Directive" foresees the possibility of jailing undocumented immigrants for up to 18 months before their expulsion – they call it "distancing", according to the terms of the directive. 18 months! Without a judgment or justice! As it stands today the proposed text of the directive clearly violates articles 2, 3, 5,6,7,8 and 9 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948.

In particular, Article 13 of the Declaration states :

1. All persons have a right to move freely and to choose their residence in the territory of a State.

2. All persons have the right to leave any country, including their own, and to return to their country.

And, the worst of all, is that the possibility exists for the mothers of families with minor children to be arrested, without regard to the family and school situation, in these internment centers where we know that depression, hunger strikes, and suicides take place.

How can we accept without reacting for them to be concentrated in camps, our compatriots and Latin American brothers without documents, of which the great majority have been working and integrating for years? On what side is the duty of humanitarian action? Where is the "freedom of movement", protection against arbitrary imprisonment?

In parallel, the European Union is trying to convince the Andean Community that the Nations (Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru)  sign an "Association Agreement" that includes the third pillar of the Free Trade Agreement, of the same nature and content as that imposed by the United States. We are under intense pressure from the European Commission to accept conditions of great liberalization of our trade, financial services, intellectual property rights and our public works. In addition under so called "judicial protection" we are being pressured concerning our nationalization of the water, gas and telecommunications, completed on Worldwide Workers’ Day.

I ask, in that case, where is the "judicial protection" for our women, adolescents, children and workers that look for better horizons in Europe? To promote, on one hand, the free circulation of merchandise and flow of currencies and investments, while we face the imprisonment of our brothers who attempt to circulate freely, this is to deny the foundations of liberty and human rights.

Under these conditions, if the "Return Directive" is passed, we will be ethically unable to deepen the negotiations with the European Union, and we reserve the right to legislate that the European Citizens have the same obligations for visas that they impose on the Bolivians from the first of April 2007, according to the diplomatic principle of reciprocity. We have not exercised it up until now, precisely because we were awaiting good signs from the EU.

The world, its continents, its oceans and its poles undergo difficulties of a global scale: global warming, contamination, the slow but sure disappearance of the energy resources and biodiversity while hunger and poverty increase in every country, debilitating our societies. To make migrants, whether they have documents or not, the scapegoats of these global problems, is not the solution. It does not correspond with any reality. The social cohesion problems that Europe is suffering from are not the fault of the migrants, rather the result of the model of development imposed by the North, which destroys the planet and dismembers human societies.

In the name of the people of Bolivia, of all of my brothers on the continent and regions of the world like the Maghreb and the countries of Africa, I appeal to the conscience of the European leaders and deputies, of the peoples, citizens and activists of Europe, for them not to approve the text of the "Return Directive". As it is today, it is a directive of shame.

I also call on the European Union to elaborate, over the next months, a migration policy that is respectful of human rights, which allows us to maintain this dynamic that is helpful to both continents and that repairs once and for all the tremendous historic debt, both economic and ecological, that the European countries owe to a large part of the Third World, and to close once and for all the open veins of Latin America. They cannot fail today in their "policies of integration" as they have failed with their supposed "civilizing mission" from colonial times.

Receive all of you, authorities, Euro parliamentarians, brothers and sisters, fraternal greetings from Bolivia. And in particular our solidarity to all of the "clandestinos".

Evo Morales Ayma
President of the Republic of Bolivia